Telegraph transmitter



May 10,1927. 1 1,627,819-

l A J. R, YOUNGBLOOD y TELEGRAPH TRANSMITTER Filed Ap'rilrl, 1926 3 shgetgsheet 1' 4 *V2 5W @"6 #l Jg 7 l .J k-

BY M y@ ATTORNEYS May 10 1927. v

J. R. YouNGBLooD TELEGRAPH TRANSMITTER Fuga Ap'rn 1e, 192s s sheets-sneu 2 /VVE/V TOF? 17.- F?. gonna/blood, BY *du/A 4% l ATTORNEYS MW l0 l927 f J. R. YouNGBLooD TBLEGRAPH TRANSMITTER 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed' April 16,' 192e ATTORNEYS Patented May 10, 1927.

JOHN R. YOUNG-BLOOD, OF NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA.

TELEGRAPH TRANSMITTER.

Application filed April 1.6, 1926. Serial No,v 102,500.

This invent-ion relates to improvements in telegraph keys or transmitters, and an ob- Iiect of the invention is to provide a novel form of manipulator which is movable a relatively short distance for rapid interruption of the circuit to transmit dots, and a slightly longer distance in the opposite direction to interrupt the circuit more slowly in the transmission oit dashes.

Other objects and advantages appear in the following specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a plan view of the improved transmitter,

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section taken substantially on the line 2 2 of Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a cross section on the line 3-43 of Figure 1,

Figure 4 is a detail cross section on the line 4 4 oi Figure 1,

Figure 5 is a horizontal section taken on the line 5--5 o'l: Figure 2,

Figure 6 is a detail cross section taken on the line 6-6 of Figure 5,

Figure 7 is a. side elevation ol the improved manipulator,

Figure S is a diagrammatic plank view illustrating the position of the manipulator when closingth-e circuit to make dots,

Figure 9 is a detail vertical section illustrating the axially aligning positions ot the pivot bar Aand finger bar when sending dots,

Figure 10 is a diagran'imatic plan view showing the position of the manipulator when closing the circuit to transmit dashes,

Figure 11 is av detail vertical section illustrating the disalignment olf thefaXes of. the pivot and linger bars when sending dashes,

Figure 12 is a detail invert-ed perspective viewof the instrument illustrating how connection is made between the large and small underplate.

In carrying out the invention*provision is made of an insulating base 1 which, by. preference, is made oi' a heavy piece of glass, although other known insulating material may be used it found desirable. Glass, as an insulator', has the advantage oi being a perfect non-conductor of electricity. It is not affected by dampness as are rubber' or librous substances such as are commonly used.

Three rubber buttons 2 support the base in spaced relationship to the table. Two oi' these are located at the corners at the rear ot the base, one being located in the center near the front. A screw 3 which secures the front button 2 to the base 1 also serves to hold a mute 4 in position upon the base. The mute is substantially U-shape,y one of the legs 5 serving as the mounting for a stop 6 with which the extremity of the vibratorl 7 engages at times.

Situated beneath the glass base 1 is a brass or other metallic underplate 8 which, because ol its relative size is herein known as the large underplate. Situated beneath the underplate 8 is the underplate 9 which., because of its relatively small size is herein known as the small underplate. These plates are spaced apart from each other and must be considered as components of opposite sides of an electrical circuit. For illustration, the large underplate 8 is herein regarded as being electrically positive while the small underplate 9 is regarded as electrically negative.

A hole 10 in the frontend of the underplate 8 (Figs. 1, 2 and 5) admits the screw 3 and the washer 11 thereof without making electrical contact. The rear corners of the large underplatec are cut away at 12 (Figs. 1 and 5) to avoid making electrical contact with the nut 13 which holds the rear rubber button 2 in place upon the small underplate 9. A metallic connection between the plates S and 9 would produce a short circuit which must not occur while the transmitter is in condition for operation.

While dealing with this point reference may be had to Figure 12. The small underplate 9 has a forward extension or lip 14 which is sulliciently resilient for the following purpose: In order that the transmitter may be connected inthe proper electrical circuit, a wedge consisting of plates and 16, separated by insulating means 17, is inserted between the lip 14 and the large underplate 8. The respective plates 15 and 16 have electrical connection with wires 18 and 19 which, in order to bear outthe former example, are regarded as being positive and negative respectively. The small underplate carries a lever 20 which is pivot-ally mounted to the plate 9 alone as at 21. This lever is capable of being moved into engagement kwith the head of a screw 22 which, having electrical connection with the large under-plate 8, will serve to cause a short circuit between the plates 8 and 9.

Connected with the large underplate 8 are the -front and rear brackets 23 and 241 which respectively have pairs of posts 25 and 26 upon which screws are mounted. A screw 27 (Fig. 2) connects the front bracket with the large under-plate 8 and secures said bracket upon the base. 'llie screw 22 ot similar purpose has been referred to. The screw 28 of one of the posts 25 is a contact with which, the spring eontaclbr 29 upon the vibrator 'T' coacts when transmitting dots (Fig. 9). rl`he screw 30 ol" one of the posts 26 is a. contact with which the diametr' ally opposite spring contacter 31 ot the vibrator 7 coacts when transmitting dots 9).

The screw 82 ot the other post 26 is a contact with which the rigid but adjustable contactor 33 ot the linger ba'r 84 coacts when transmitting dashes (Fig. 10). An arch 85 provides the principal i'i'iountiug for the manually movable element generally known as the manipulator. The manipulator is shown alone in Figure 7. 1t comprises the vibrator bar 7 previously mentioned. The rear end of this bar, in addition to carrying the contactor springs 29 and 31, has a rather broad but quite lieXibie leal spring 36 with which connection is made to a pivot bar 37. It the manipulator were separated, the vibrator 7 and pivot bar 37 would remain together due to the connection ot' the leali spring 36.

A groove 38 extending longitudinally ot the pivot bar 37 from end to end receives the beveled edge 39 ol the linger bar 84. A. rearward extension of the linger bar carries the contactor 33, mentioned before, as well as insulating linger tips 10. Boeking of the linger bar 34 relative to the pivot bar 37 occurs when the manipulator is moved to the left (Figs. 10 and 11) in transmitting dashes.

A saddle Al1, secured in place upon the linger bar 34 by means ol' a set screw L12, has a notch 43 on the underside corresponding with a notch lll in the lower edge ol' the linger bar to make room for the head of the lower pivot screw l5. This pivotscrew is rigidly fixed in position upon the pivot bar 37, but the beveled point thereof is capable of motion in a recess 16 in the bottom plate l? ot the arch 35.

A recess 48 in the upper side of the saddle 111 receives the beveled point of an upper pivot screw Z19 carried by the bend ot the arch. |The two pivot screws, thel linger bar 3l and the pivot bar 8T are in vertical axial alignment, and remain so when the manipulator is rocked to the right in transmitting dots. But when rocking the manipulator to the lelt to transmit dashes the foregoing` parts move out ot' axial alignment (Fig. 11) by virtue of a relative rocking ol the linger and pivot bars 34 and 37.

For the dot transmitting function a stop screw 50 performs the important purpose ot keeping the linger and pivot bars in the above vertical axial alignment hy engaging the right side ot the pivot bar (Figs. 8 and 9) thus providing an additional mounting upon which the pivot bar partakes oi" pivotal motion. -For the latter dash transmitting .function the forward extremity ot the pivot bar 37 engages a stop screw 5l which thereupon serves as a pivotal point upon which the pivot bar turns to a disaligning position in rel'erence to the vibrator (Fig. 10). rlhis disalignment .is permissible by the flexible leal spring 3G, the disalignment being compensated for by the rockable mounting ot the linger bar upon the pivot bar along the groove 89 ot the latter.

The stop screw 50 is adjustably fixed in the right leg ot the arch 85. One ot a pair of forwardly extending` arms 52 and 53 carries the stop screw 51. The other arm 53 carries a screw 5l which is the complement ot' the screw 51. rPension ol a light spring 55 bearing against one side of the pivot bar 37 is adjusted by a .screw 56 'carried by the arm 52. A weight 57, slida'bly adjust-able along the vibrator 11, provides tor regulating the speed ol the manipulator.

The bottom plate 47 of the arch 35 is connected with the small underplate 9 by means of screws 58.

nasmuch as the arch must be insulated from the large underplate 8, the screws 58 and the notch 59 (Fig. 5) that hold the small underplate in spaced relationship with the glass base 1 pass through and occupy holes 60 in the large underplate.

The operation may be readily understood. Upon desiring to place the transmitting instrument in circuit for operation, the wedge, illustrated in Figure 12, is inserted between the large under plate 8 and the trout extension or lip 111 o't the small underplate 9. rlhe wedge is composed ol plates 15 and 16, insulated from each other, and respectivey connected with the positive and negative wires 18 and 19.

The front and rea'r post brackets .i8 and 2l (Figs. 1 and 2) are electrically connected with the large underplate 8 and may therefore be identified with the positive side of the circuit. rlhe connection is made by means of screws 2T and which serve the additional purpose ol holding the brackets down upon the glass base 1. posts 25 and 26 may be made separate. rather than malte them integral with brackets as illustrated, but in such event they would have to be separately connected with the large underplate 8. The mute l has no electrical connection with either ot' the. underplates.

The arch is electrically connected with the small underplate 9 by means of the screws 58 and may therefore be identitied with the negativ-e side olf the circuit. The

The` various and may therefore also be identified with thenegative sideof the circuit. The stop screw y54 (Fig. l) limits the distance that the spring 55 may press the manipulator and themanipulator therefore normally assumes the position wherein the various contactors are out ofengagement with the associated contact screws. rl`he lower and upper pivot screws .45 and 49 are normally in vertical axial alignment as seen in Figure 3. The two actions of the instrument in telegraphin vshould be understood.

ransmitting dots: The electrical circuit is made and broken in rapid succession when transmitting` dots, and in view of the rapidity ofthe action, it is desirable to reduce the motion of the manipulator' to the minimum; The isulatcd finger tip 40 is pressed to the right (assuniingthat the operator is facing the nger piece) whereupon the manipulator isswung as a whole upon the lower and upper pivot screws 45and 49 (Fig. 8).

This uniied swinging occurs by virtue of the fact that the stop screw 50 is in normal contact with the side of the pivot bar 37. The connection of the finger bar 34 with the pivot bar 37' along the edge B9 and groove 318 vaffords a loose connectionbetwecn.the elements mentioned, andl .advantage is taken of this circumstance as presently appears. But when trz-msn'iitting dots.I this connection remains quite rigid, and ythe function is obtained by the thumb screw 50. A

vThe lower and upper pivot screws 45 and 49, as wellas the kintermediate partsk of the manipulator, therefore remain. in vertical axial alignment (Fig. 9) when operating the instrument to transmit dots. The foregoing motion of the linger piece40 to the. right causes the spring contactors 29 rand 3l to engage the associated contact screws 28 and 30 thereby closing the Circuit which is supposed to be normally open between the un,- derplates 8 and 9. The two spring contactors 29 and 3l provide a double stop con tact, which, while desirable. is not essential to the efficient operation of the instrument. One or the other of the spring contactsmay be omitted without the omission of any function. 4

Transmitting dashes: The electrical circuit is made and broken more slowly when transmit'ting dash-es than when sending dots.

The finger tip 40 is pressed to the left, and the slightly increased distance through which the finger bar 34 mustmove before contact is made adds something to the time interval in making` and breakingr the circuit. The action is quite different from that, in rendi-ng dots. The vibrator 7 of the manipulator, and the pivot bar 37 areconnected by the leaf spring 36 which is compelled to twist or flex slightly when the for ward extremity of the vibrator engages the abutment 6 under pressure of the finger piece" 40 to the left (see Fig. 10)'.

At this time the right sid-e of the forward extremity of the pivot bar 37 engages the stop screw 54, and this point thereby becomes- `a'fulcrum on which the pivot bar moves.

li'iasi'nuch as the movement of` the pivot bar is not restrained by a stop screw as was thel case at the stop screw 50 when transmittingT dots it follows thatthe foli'n-ierly straight pivot screw rocks slightly in recess 46 in the bottom plate 47, and'assumes an angled relationship to the bottom plate as shown in Figure 1l. Y

The finger bar 34 follows the pivot bar, iny fact, it being thepressure applied to the iinger bar that produces the foregoii'ig action of the pivot bar. The forward epd of the pivot bar 37 being restrained by the stop screw 54 it follows that the' finger bar 34 will rock in relation to the pivot bar, as shown in Figure 1l. The rocking occurs along the edge 39 and groove 38. It also-occurs-at the recess 4S ofthe panel 41 in relation to the upper pivot screw 49. It is readily seen that the disalignment of the pivot bar 37 from the vib "ator 7 must twist the leaf spring 36, and the tension Set up in the leaf spring, assisted by the pressure of the light spring 55, will return the pivot bar 37' and the vi.

brator 7 to' the original positions when finpressure is released,

Upon movement of the lever 2O into engagement with the head of? the screw 22 (Figs. i). and 12) the large and small underplates 8 and 9 become short circuited so that the manipulator is temporarily deprivedof its function.` The foregoing short circuit'- ing of the transmitter is desirable at times in practice.

AIn addition to the fundan'iental purpose of making ity possible to transmit electrical impulses at high speeds, there is an object in the specific construction ofthe transmitter.V It is observed that only one insulating element i's employed, namely, the 'glass base 1. The numerous insulatingv washers, etc. usually seen in instruments of this charac ter, are omitted. lThe metallic contents are about evenly divided between the so-called positive and negative elements,all parts that are identified with the positive side ofthe circuit being electrically connected with the nnderplate 8- and all parts identified vwith the negative side ofthe circuit being connected with the under-plate 9. The manipulator (Fig. 7) which is'relatively large is connected'with the relatively small plate 9, while the post brackets 23 and 24, which are relatively siiiall. are connected with the large u-nderplate 8'. The two elements are there fore about evenly divided, and the balance thus afforded istliought tovhave advantages.

Upon moving the finger tip` 40 tio the le ft.

as in transmitting dashes, the rigid contactor 33 is brought into engagement with the contact screw .312, thereby completing the current path trom the plate S to the plate 9 and in turn completing the electrical circuit.

ln conclusion reference is made to a icature oit the invention that is regarded as an advantage in practice. The making ot a few changes will prepare the transmitter so that lett hand operation will he Vtacilitated. The contactors 22?, 2li and 33 are taken eti' and .mounted upon the manipulator on the side opposite to which they now appear. The scrcws() and 56 are reversed in position on the arch. 'lhe spring 235 goes with the screw 5C. The stop G is placed on the other side ot the mute 4. These changes adapt the transn'iitter to lett hand operation without any other change in the manipulator itself.

Thilo the .construction and arrangen'ient of the .improved telegraph transmitter is that of a generally preferred iorm, obviously modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims.

I claim l. A transmitting instrument comprising a. single insulating base, a relatively large Vmetallic plate applied to the underside of the base and being connectible with one side of a circuit. relatively small brackets mounted upon the base and in connection with said plate, a relatively large metallic manipulator having contactors` a relatively small plate situated on the underside of the base, means through which said manipulator is in electrical connection with said relatively small plate. the foregoing relative size of parts estal'ilishing a relatively even division ot metal. between the parts on the respective sides of the circuit, and contacts carried by said brackets with which said contactors are engageable to close the circuit upon operation ot' the manipulator.

Q. A transmitting instrument comprising a single insulating base. a metallic plate c0- extensive with the base and situated on the underside thereot, a relatively7 small underplate disposed. beneath said 'first plate, contact brackets mounted upon the base and being connected with said iirst plate, a metallic manipulator, an arch mounted upon the base being connected with said relatively small plate.` means included in said connection holding the relatively small plate in si'iaced reationship with the base and said irst plate. said first plate having holes to admit said means, means for pivotally mounting the manipulator within the arch, contactors carried by the manipulator, and contacts carried by said brackets.

3. A transmitting instrument comprising a manipulator having a contacter on each of opposite sides, a. finger bar by which one ot the contacter-s is carried, said linger bar being part of the manipulator, means providing a pivotal mounting ior the manipulator, a contact relatively close to one of the contactors requiring relatively7 small rocking motion ot thc manipulator lor effecting an engagement, a contact relatively distant from the other contacter, and means permitting relative motion ot the finger bar to cti'ect engagement of said contact by the contacter on the .finger bar when the manipulator is given a` relatively large rocking motion.

4. A transmitting instrument comprisino a manipulator which includes pivot anc linger bars. lower and upper pivot Screws `for the pivot and linger bars by which the manipulator is pivotally supported, means embodied in the connection between the pivot and finger bars permittiner a relative motion upon rocking the manipulator in one direction, and means in position to contact the pivot bar when rocking the manipulator in the opposite direction, Ikeeping the said pivot pins and bar in vertical axial alignment.

5. A transmitting instrument comprising a manipulator including pivot and finger bars. lower and upper pivot screws for the respective bars by which the manipulator is pivotally supported, a double bevel along one edge of the finger bar being Seated in a groove in the pivot bar providing a connection permitting relative motion ot the bars when rocking the manipulator in one direction.y and means in position to engage the pivot bar to prevent said relative motion ot the bars keeping them in axial alignment with the pivot screws when rocking the manipulator in the opposite direction.

6. A transmitting instrument having an arch provided with a fixed pivot screw and a recess, a manipulator comprising a finger bar and a pivot bar, a saddle on the finger bar having a recess receiving the point ot the pivot screw, a pivot screw tiXed upon the pivot bar having the point seated in the recess of the arch. a double bevel along one edge of the finger bar seated in a groove of the pivot bar permitting relative moti-on of the bars when rocking the manipulator in one direction, said saddle then moving in respect to the fixed pivot screw and the second pivot screw moving in respect to the arch recess thereby disaligning the elements mentioned, and means in position to engage the pivot bar upon rocking the manipulator in the opposite direction preventing said relative motion of the bars and maintaining said elements in axial alignment.

7. A transmitter having a pair ol iixed contacts. a manipulator including a vibrator having a contacter disposed relatively close to one of the contacts and engag-eable with rau tia

the contacts upon a relatively small motion of the manipulator in the direction thereof, a linger bar beingpart of the manipulator and having a contactor relatively distanced from the other contact and engageable therewith upon a relativel largev motion of the manipulator in the tirection thereof', and means interposed in the connection between the finger bar and vibrator being subject to fiexure so that said relatively large motion can be accomplished. l

8. A transmitting instrument having a pair of fixed contacts, a manipulator including a vibrator having a. contactor relatively close to one of the contacts and engageable therewith upon a relatively small motion of the manipulator in the direction thereof, a finger bar being part of the manipulator and having a contactor relatively distanced from the other Contact and engageable therewith upon a. relatively large motion of the manipulator, means pivotally supporting the manipulator for the foregoing motion thereof, means interposed in the connection between the finger bar and vibrator being subject to fleXure whereupon a disalignmeut of the pivot means occurs when accomplishing said relatively large motion, and means in position to prevent said fiexure when accomplishing said relatively small mot-ion, said means at the same time keeping the pivot means in alignment.

9. A. transmitting instrument comprising a manipulator including a finger bar, a pivot bar and ay vibrator; an arch having a fixed pivot screw and a recess, a. saddle carried by the linger bar having a recess receiving the point of the pivot screw, a pivot screw fixed upon the pivotl bar having the point seated in the contactors mounted on diametrically -upon motion in one direction of the manipulator to effect engagement preventing ilexure of .said pm and keeping the pivot structure 1n axial alignment, a contactor carried by the nger bar, and a fixed contact with which said contactor is engageable upon movement of the manipulator in the opposite. direction,

said rengagement being accomplished by flexure of' said fiexible means, a disalignment of the pivot and finger bars and a resulting rocking of the saddle in respect to the pivot screw and a rocking of the pivotl screw ot the pivot bar in respect to the arch recess.

, 10. A transmitting instrument comprising a manipulator which consists of a vibrator, a pivot bar and a finger bar; a rockable mounting for the manipulator, a bevel along one edge of the finger bar being seated in a groove in the pivot bar, a leaf spring joining the pivot barwith the vibrator, means in position to engage the pivotbar upon motion of the manipulator in one direction serving as a fulcrum for the pivot bar and keeping the parts of the manipulator in alignment with the pivotal mounting, and means in position near that end of the pivot bar and its connection with the vibrator being engageable by the pivot bar to prevent movement of the vibrator in the other direction serving as a fulcrum upon which the pivot bar is disaligned from the vibrator with an accompanying iiexing of the leaf spring, said pivotal mounting being-yieldable to compensate for said disalignment.

JOHN R. YOUNGBLOOD. 

